New challenges for sunflower ideotyping in changing environments and more ecological cropping systems

As a rainfed spring-sown crop, sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) is increasingly exposed to negative impacts of climate change, especially high temperatures and drought stress. Incremental, systemic transformative adaptations have been suggested for reducing the crop vulnerability these stressful conditions. In addition, innovative cropping systems based on low-input management, organic farming, soil water conservation practices, intercropping, double-cropping, and/or agroforestry are undergoing marked in agriculture. Because its plasticity requirements (nitrogen, water, pesticides), likely take part new agroecological systems. Aside from current production outputs (yield, oil cake), ecosystem services e.g. bee feeding, phytoremediation…), non-food industrial uses now expected externalities crop. The combination climatic societal contexts could deeply modify characteristics genotypes be cultivated main areas (either traditional or adoptive). After reviewing changes, we identify how environments traits classically considered up now, relation services. Finally, consider research provide methods help identifying interest design ideotypes.